An electives course held at U.S. Naval War College (NWC) conducted an unclassified wargame designed to allow students to bring to life a realistic scenario which included many of the course concepts

The course, How Navies Fight and Win at Sea, teaches students the foundational tenets of naval operations during conflict.

Capt. Anthony Cowden, military professor of National Security Affairs and course director, conducted the wargame in Sims Hall on campus.

"We are trying to stress their planning at the operational level of war," said Cowden. "He or she needs to think about how to integrate the functions of a navy -- that is, to strike, scout, screen, and base -- and worry less about the tactical engagements that will occur."

The 13 students in the course formed the blue team, and were asked to consider naval strategies in order to achieve an objective as one of two competing fictional forces in the South Philippine Sea against the red team, operated by instructors.

"The commander of the students' team needs to put a search out in front of him to see if there are any bad things out there, so he can move his forces through," said Cowden. "He's got submarines out there to look for bad things. He has lots of assets he can use."

One participant described cooperating with his colleagues as difficult, but satisfying.

"It was pretty intense," said Lt. Cmdr. Matthew Brinkley, a U.S. Coast Guard student in the class. "There was so much cooperation from different people from different backgrounds working together, bringing unique experiences from their careers. There were lots of people who disagreed with the plan, just like there would be with any staff making a plan, but we overcame those disagreements to build a good plan."

To make sure the game was realistic, it was played as though it took place in the Pacific using actual weather conditions. Unexpectedly, a storm actually developed in the region and swept through the gameplay area. Students were forced to carry on with the game under those conditions.

"There was a typhoon in the South Philippine Sea," said Cowden. "The students weren't able to use their air assets out of Clarke Air Force Base in the Philippines, so they are not going to be able to use those planes. It's all part of the learning."

Another student discussed how aspects of teamwork were a good lesson.

"Tactically speaking, as a submarine force commander, the game reinforced my ideas about the relevance of the knowledge, experience, and diversity necessary to have a successful staff," said Cmdr. Agustn Pajaro, Chilean navy.

Pajaro went on to say he will take the lessons learned back to his country.

"The main benefit that I will bring back to my navy is about the experience, and the interesting and original thesis about how navies succeed in the operational level during war time," he added.

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